What does the 5th Amendment protect against?

The 5th Amendment primarily offers protection against self-incrimination, which means individuals cannot be compelled to testify against themselves in a criminal case. This fundamental right ensures that a person has the choice to remain silent to avoid potentially providing evidence that could be used to convict them. This protection is rooted in the broader principle of due process, which is a cornerstone of the American legal system, ensuring fairness and justice.

The significance of this right is particularly evident in trials, where defendants are informed of their rights, famously encapsulated in the Miranda warning. The 5th Amendment thus serves as a vital safeguard, emphasizing that the burden of proof lies with the prosecution and not the defendant.

This responds directly to the context of legal proceedings, helping to uphold the integrity of the justice system by preventing coerced confessions or admissions that could lead to wrongful convictions.